List the Active Directory groups the user is a member of

To list the Active Directory groups where the current user is a member, execute in the PowerShell window

(New-Object System.DirectoryServices.DirectorySearcher("(&(objectCategory=User)(samAccountName=$($env:username)))")).FindOne().GetDirectoryEntry().memberOf

To get the Active Directory groups for another user, replace THE_USER_NAME with the Active directory user name of the person.

(New-Object System.DirectoryServices.DirectorySearcher("(&(objectCategory=User)(samAccountName=THE_USER_NAME))")).FindOne().GetDirectoryEntry().memberOf