Pinter Computing

Issue

Error message about duplicate prefab name during game loading

Cause

If autosave is enabled in the asset editor, and you open an existing asset to create a new one based on it, autosave can save the work-in-progress asset as an autosave file. When you load the next game you may get the error message:

An error occurred
Broken asstes:
Custom assets:
…_Data:
Duplicate prefab name [BrokenAssetException]

Solution

Delete the AutoSave.crp file from the “C:\Users\YOUR_USER_NAME\AppData\Local\Colossal Order\Cities_Skylines\Addons\Assets” directory.

Issue

Errors building assembly c:\Users\YOUR_USER_NAME\AppData\Local\Colossal Order\Cities_Skylines\Addons\Mods\MY_MIX_NAME
(0,0): error CS0006: cannot find metadata flie ‘…steamapps\common\Cities_Skylines\Cities_Data\Managed’
(0,0): error CS0006: cannot find metadata flie ‘…steamapps\common\Cities_Skylines\Cities_Data\Managed’

Cause

The Theme Mixer 2 causes this error if you try to export a mix.

Even if you uninstall the mod, every time the game starts, the message appears in the Debug Output.

Solution

Delete the MY_MIX_NAME directory you find in the “C:\Users\YOUR_USER_NAME\AppData\Local\Colossal Order\Cities_Skylines\Addons\Mods” folder

As I use Cities: Skylines I want to share tips and tricks I learn while I build my maps and cities.

The game scale

Game element	Real life size
1 cell	8 meters
1 tile	240 cells = 1920 meters
9 tiles	17,280 meters
Zoning grid depth	4 cells = 32 meters
Curb	30 cm high, as roads are sunken into the terrain.
Basic road	2 cells = 16 meters wide Asphalt 10 meters wide Vehicle lane 3 meters wide Parking lane 2 meters wide
Four-lane road	4 cells = 32 meters wide Asphalt width including the median 22.4 meters Asphalt width on each side of the median 8 meters Median width 6.4 meters Vehicle lane width 3 meters Parking lane width 2 meters
Highway ramp	Width 12 meters Asphalt width 8 meters Lane width 4 meters
3 lane highway	Width 22 meters Asphalt width 18 meters Lane width 4 meters
Train tracks	Gauge 1.6046 meters Distance between rail centers 1.724meters Rail width 11.94 cm Distance between the centers of 2 parallel tracks 4 meters
Tram tracks	Same as train, but the distance between the centers of two parallel tracks is 3 meters
Monorail	Track width 66 cm Distance between the centers of two parallel tracks is 3 meters.

Elevations

The Cities: Skylines game use multiple units to display elevations and distances.

Tool	Unit	Relative to
Landscaping tool	meters	Lowest elevation (0 meters)
Roads tool	Road segment length 1 unit = 8 meters	Road segment start
Fine Road Tool mod	meter
Precision engineering mod	meter	Lowest elevation (0 meters)

• The Landscaping tool’s Level Terrain feature shows the elevation in units, relative to elevation 0. The original ground level is at 60 unit elevation.
• The Roads tool displays the road segment lengths in units. 1 unit is 8 meters.
• On the Options page of Klyte’s Fine Road Tool mod set the units to metric or imperial units.
• The Precision Engineering mod shows the road segment length and elevation in meters relative to the original ground level of 60 units. Press the Shift key to see this extra information.

Minimum clearances

Above	Bridge height
Cruise ships	32-33 m
Ferries	12 m
Railroad, roads	12 m

Water

Water sources in games

In the map editor, you can add water sources to your maps. In game mode, the original game does not have the means to add more water sources. Subscribe to BoodyPinguin’s Extra Landscaping Tools mod to add water sources in your games.

Sea level

In the map editor you can set the sea level by typing a number, the mod in the city only uses the mouse to drag the sea level up and down. To set the level more precisely

• Use the Landscaping Tool’s Level Terrain feature to create a small flat top island in the sea.
• Select the Water tool, and select the Move Sea Level option.
• Move the mouse up and down to set the water level to the top of the island.

Containing waste water pollution

When you discharge waste water to lakes and the sea, it can pollute the drinking water supply. Place a water source with the water level lower than the lake or sea level. It creates a drain to generate a current and remove the pollution.

Traffic

If the traffic is too dense, turn on vehicle despanning. When the vehicles arrive to their destination they disappear.

• Subscribe and activate the TM:PE (Traffic Manager: President Edition ) mod
• On the top of the screen click the TM:PE Main menu button (looks like a traffic light)
• In the upper right corner of the window click the Toggle automatic vehicle despawning button to turn on despawning.

I wanted to recreate the Los Angeles Pacific Electric Railway system based on the 1947 system map in Cities: Skylines. Los Angeles at the beginning of the 20th century had hundreds of miles of electric street cars connecting downtown LA with the surrounding cities.

I have found the high-definition PDF version of the Pacific Electric Railway system map at https://www.pacificelectric.org/pacific-electric/maps/1947-pacific-electric-system-map/

The website contains lots of great pictures, maps, and other information on the Pacific Electric and Los Angeles railway systems.

The links below contain the system map in PDF and PNG formats.

I have created a Cities: Skylines map based on the PDF file and shared it on the Steam Workshop:

Name	URL	Notes
Los Angeles 1947 v 07	https://steamcommunity.com/workshop/filedetails/?id=2858871489	First published version

You can use the PNG file as an overlay to easily transfer the road and train layout to your city. For instructions see Transfer streets to your city in Cities: Skylines using a PNG image file

The map uses the 81 tiles mod by BloodyPenguin. The current version as of writing is “81 Tiles (Fixed for 1.2+)” at https://steamcommunity.com/workshop/filedetails/?id=2858871489

You need this mod installed and activated to be able to work with the map. See Work with an 81-tile city in Cities: Skylines for instructions on how to use the mod.

The map also contains Santa Catalina Island in approximate position and shape. If you want to build Avalon, you need to do some terraforming to make room for the casino, the harbor, and the rest of the city. I have not added any sandy beaches on the main land and the island, it is a fun project to recreate them with the terraforming tool. The reservoirs and rivers don’t have water sources to avoid flooding if you block any of the rivers during construction. If you want to get water from them, use Boody Pinguin’s Extra Landscaping Tools mod to add water sources.

Historic Vehicles

Get historic vehicles

Subscribe to -Historic/Veteran Vehicles- No’s all in one at https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=495877905

Disable the default (modern) vehicles

Follow the instructions at https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=453245152

• Install the Advanced Vehicle Options mod from
• In the Content Manager activate the mod
• Start the game
• In the lower right corner click the Advanced Vehicle Options button
• For each vehicle set the Allow this vehicle to spawn checkbox.
• Export the vehicle configuration if you want to be able to import it into other cities. It will be saved at C:\Users\YOUR_USER_NAME\AppData\Local\Colossal Order\Cities_Skylines\AdvancedVehicleOptions_VehicleData.xml

Posted byLaszlo Pinter July 24, 2022 Leave a commenton The Best Pizza Dough recipe EditThe Best Pizza Dough recipe

Elegendő 2 nagy pizzához.

Hozzávalók

2 vékony nagy, vagy 1 vastag nagy pizzához

• 175 ml (3/4 bögre) langyos (40-43 °C) víz ( körülbelül 20 másodpercig melegítsük a mikróban )
• 1/2 teáskanál cukor
• 1-1/8 teáskanál por élesztő ( 1/2 csomag )
• 250 g (2 bögre) finomliszt
• 1/2 teáskanál só
• 40 ml (1/6 bögre) oliva olaj

2 vastag nagy pizzához

• 350 ml (1-1/2 bögre) langyos (40-43 °C) víz ( körülbelül 30 másodpercig melegítsük a mikróban )
• 1 teáskanál cukor
• 2-1/4 teáskanál por élesztő ( 1 csomag )
• 500 g (4 bögre) finomliszt
• 1 teáskanál só
• 80 ml (1/3 bögre) oliva olaj

Elkészítés

1. Keverjük össze a langyos vizet, cukrot és élesztőt egy kicsi edényben. Várjunk 10 percet, vagy amíg felhabzik.
2. A dagasztógép edényében 3-5 percig keverjük össze a lisztet, sót, oliva olajat és az élesztő keveréket a dagasztó hurokkal. A tészta kész, amikor lágy és rugalmas, és tisztán lejön az edéy faláról.
3. Ha vékony pizzát készítünk, kelesztés nélkül azonnal dolgozhatunk vele.
4. Ha vastag pizzát készítünk, vagy aznap később akarunk pizzát készíteni, formázzunk gömböt a tésztából és tegyük egy kiolajozott edénybe. Olajozzuk be a tésszta gömböt is és takarjuk le az edényt fóliával vagy fedéllel.
5. Ha vastag pizzát készítünk, kelesszük 30 percig, vagy tegyük be a hőtőbe amíg dolgozni kezdünk vele.
6. Ha nem akarunk aznap pizzát sütni, fagyasszuk le a a tésztát.

Baking

• Melegítsük elő a sütőt a legmagasabb lehetséges hőmérsékletre.
• Ha 290 °C-on sütünk, a pizza 8 – 10 perc alatt elkészül.

Ingredients

For 1 large thick, or 2 large thin crust pizzas

• 3/4 cup (6 fl oz) warm (105-110 °F) water ( around 20 seconds in the microwave )
• 1/2 teaspoon sugar
• 1-1/8 teaspoon active dry yeast ( 1/2 package )
• 2 cups all-purpose flour
• 1/2 teaspoon salt
• 1/6 cup (1.3 fl oz) olive oil

For 2 large thick crust pizzas

• 1-1/2 cup (12 fl oz) warm (105-110 °F) water ( around 30 seconds in the microwave )
• 1 teaspoon sugar
• 2-1/4 teaspoon active dry yeast ( 1 package )
• 4 cups all-purpose flour
• 1 teaspoon salt
• 1/3 cup (2.7 fl oz) olive oil

Instructions

1. In a small bowl whisk the water, sugar, and yeast together, Let it sit for about 10 minutes or until it froths up.
2. In the bowl of the mixer mix together the flour, salt, olive oil, and yeast mixture with the dough hook for about 3-5 minutes or until the dough is soft and elastic. It is done when it comes clean down from the side.
3. To make thin crust pizza, use the dough without proofing.
4. For thick crust pizza, or to use it later the same day, shape the dough into a ball and put it into an oiled bowl. Also, rub the dough with oil and cover it with a foil wrap or a lid.
5. For thick crust pizza proof it for 30 minutes.
6. To use it on another day freeze the dough.

Baking

• Preheat the oven to the highest temperature it can provide.
• If we bake on 550 °F, the pizza is done in 8 – 10 minutes.

If your WordPress site is already hosted at another provider you may be able to save money if you manage it yourself in AWS Lightsail.

Create the WordPress Lightsail instance

To migrate your existing site to AWS Lightsail, first create a WordPress Lightsail instance. See Host WordPress in AWS Lightsail

Migrate an existing site to a Lightsail WordPress instance

Export your old WordPress site

• Log into you old WordPress site
• Install the All-in-One WP Migration plugin to export the existing WordPress site.
  
  Warning: This plugin can only import sites for free under 80 MB size. If your blog export file is larger, you need to buy the “All-in-One WP Migration Unlimited” plugin for $69.
  
• Using the plugin export the old WordPress site. In the WordPress Dashboard select Plugins, All-in-One WP Migration, Export
  
• Click Export to to select the export location
  
• Select File as the export location. Other methods require you to pay additional fees to the plugin creators.
  
• The export will start automatically
  
• When the export process completed, download the export file
  
• Close the browser window of the old site, and do not make any more modifications in the old WordPress blog.

Import the WordPress site into the new hosting location

Import the site into the new instance

• Log into your new WordPress blog with the temporary credentials described at “Log into your WordPress blog” on Host WordPress in AWS Lightsail
• Update the new WordPress instance to the version of your existing blog
  
• Install and activate the All-in-One WP Migration plugin to import the existing WordPress site into the new location.
  
• In the Dashboard select Plugins, All-in-One WP Migration, Import
  
• The free plugin imports maximum 80 GB export files. If your site is larger, you need to purchase the “Unlimited” plugin. The price at the time of writing is $69.
  
  • Once you installed and activated the “Unlimited” plugin, start the import again.
    
• Select the File option
  
• If you have selected a too small instance you get the error message
  
  There is not enough space available on the disk. Free up … GB of disk space.
  • In this case migrate your Lightsail instance to a larger type.
• The import will display a few message boxes
  
• Once the file has been uploaded to the instance the plugin is ready to for the modification. If you are really sure you want to overwrite the target WordPress installation, click Proceed to continue.
  
• The actual update starts
  • When the update completed this message appears. If you are planing to change the domain name of the site slick the Save permalinks structure link.
    
• Close the message with the FINISH button
  
  

Until the domain name and SSL certificate pointed to the new site

Update your “hosts” file

Permalinks in your WordPress blog contain the domain name of your site. To be able to test the new site until you point your domain to it, you can instruct your computer to use the public IP of the new site when you enter the domain name into the browser.

• Open the /etc/hosts file in a text editor
• Add this line and save the file:

PUBLIC_IP MY-BLOG.COM

Navigate to specific pages, not to the landing page

Open you site browsing to a specific page without using “https” in the URL to force the site to use the “http” protocol, ( MY-BLOG.COM/wp-admin/ or MY-BLOG.COM/archives/1). If you browse to the domain name only, ( MY-BLOG.COM ) the site will redirect you to the “https” protocol, the browser will constantly display warning messages, the page save and image upload will not work.

Your connection is not private

Attackers might be trying to steal your information from MY-BLOG.COM (for example, passwords, messages, or credit cards). Learn more

NET::ERR_CERT_AUTHORITY_INVALID

Once your domain has been pointed to the new LightSail instance

Update the links in the database

Replace the http://IP_ADDRESS with https://YOUR_DOMAIN

• SSH into the LightSail instance as described above
• Open the /opt/bitnami/wordpress/wp-config.php file
  cd /opt/bitnami/wordpress
nano wp-config.php
• Replace
  define( 'WP_HOME', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/' );
define( 'WP_SITEURL', 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . '/' );
  with
  define('WP_HOME', 'https://MY_DOMAIN/');
define('WP_SITEURL', 'https://MY_DOMAIN/');
• Save the file

Update the links in the database

Even after changing the config file some of the links in the database still contain the IP address used during the migration.

Based on https://docs.bitnami.com/aws/how-to/get-started-wordpress-aws-marketplace-intermediate/

We need to update the database directly.

Set up an SSH tunnel to be able to use the phpMyAdmin MYSQL client installed on the LightSail instance

• We will open an SSH tunnel from our workstation to the LightSail host
• Redirect our workstation’s localhost:8888 to port 80 on the LightSail instance
• Using the browser on our workstation we will use phpMyAdmin installed on the LightSail instance to update the database

On Macintosh

Use the bundled SSH client to connect to the instance

• Open a new terminal window
• Set the permission of the downloaded private key to 600
  chmod 600 KEYFILE.pem
• To connect to the server via SSH and administer it using your terminal
  • In the terminal execute
    ssh -i KEYFILE.pem bitnami@SERVER-IP
  • Your terminal will ask you if you trust the server, answer yes
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
• To redirect localhost:8888 on your workstation to port 80 on the LightSail instance and use phpMyAdmin installed on the LightSail instance
  • Open a new terminal window and execute
    ssh -N -L 8888:127.0.0.1:80 -i KEYFILE.pem bitnami@SERVER-IP
  • Keep this terminal open for the duration of the redirection.

On Windows

Use Putty to connect to the instance

• Install the Putty SSH client from https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html

• Generate a Putty key from the pem file
  • Load the .pem private key
    • Download the LightSail private key on the Connect tab of your LightSail instance page
      
  • • Start the C:\Program Files\PuTTY\puttygen.exe aplication
    • Click the Load button and open the downloaded private .pem key
      
    • Select All files (*.*)
      
    • Select the file
      
  • Save the private key
    • Click OK in the dialog
      
    • Click the Save Private Key button
      
    • Click Yes to save the key without a passcode
      

Open a secure SSH connection to the LightSail instance

• Start the Putty application
• Enter the domain name and connection name
  
• On the Connection, SSH, Auth page select the saved private key
  
• On the Connection, Data page enter bitnami as the user name
  
• On the Session page click the Save button
  
• Click the Open button to start an SSH connection
  
• Click Accept to add the server to the list of trusted hosts
  

Open an SSH tunnel to use the MYSQL web interface

• Open Putty
• On the Connection, SSH, Tunnels page enter 8888 to the Source port, localhost:80 to Destination, and click the Add button
  
• Save the configuration. On the Session page select the session name and click the Save button
  

Start a new connection

• On the Session page select the session name and click the Load button
  
• Click the Open button
  
  
  

Open the phpMyadmin page

• Get the database credentials from the /opt/bitnami/wordpress/wp-config.php file on your LightSail instance
  • Get the user name from: define( ‘DB_USER’, ‘…..’ );
  • Get the password from: define( ‘DB_PASSWORD’, ‘….’ );

• On your workstation in your browser navigate to http://localhost:8888/phpmyadmin

Update the WordPress database

• Select the bitnami_wordpress database on the left side. In the wp_options table you can see the current configuration settings for ‘siteurl’ and ‘home’
  
• On the top select the SQL tab, and enter the query below. Replace THE_OLD_URL and THE_NEW_URL with the actual values of your site. Make sure to set the correct “http” or”https” values for the old and new addresses.
  

set @old_url = 'http://THE_OLD_URL';
set @new_url = 'http://THE_NEW_URL';
UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = replace(option_value, @old_url, @new_url) WHERE option_name = 'home' OR option_name = 'siteurl';
UPDATE wp_posts SET post_content = replace(post_content, @old_url, @new_url);
UPDATE wp_postmeta SET meta_value = replace(meta_value, @old_url, @new_url);
UPDATE wp_usermeta SET meta_value = replace(meta_value, @old_url, @new_url);
UPDATE wp_links SET link_url = replace(link_url, @old_url, @new_url);
UPDATE wp_comments SET comment_content = replace(comment_content, @old_url, @new_url);
UPDATE wp_posts SET post_content = replace(post_content, @old_url, @new_ur);
UPDATE wp_links SET link_image = replace(link_image, @old_url, @new_ur);
UPDATE wp_posts SET guid = replace(guid, @old_url, @new_url);

• Click the Go button
  

Check the changes

• To check the database changes execute the query
  select * from bitnami_wordpress.wp_options where option_name = 'siteurl' or option_name = 'home';